INCAE Activities
Recognized the high mortality rate of innovations, in the fact that few come to materialize in marketable and profitable products for companies, in some countries, mainly in Europe, national and local Governments devote resources to finance risk capital, virtually without expecting higher percentages of recovery of loans by this call them loans repayable. In these cases, the objective is rather to create opportunities to undertake entrepreneurial adventures for young professionals to obtain a strictly economic profitability. Cost management: management and cost accounting, in particular in an SME is another area that receives a very restricted treatment by the owners (managers). Some companies hire the services of accounting with the conception that is a requirement for tax and legal purposes. The backwardness and ignorance of the structures of costs of production and operation of small businesses is one of the reasons why cannot negotiate properly when they are inserted into a production chain as suppliers of customers who generally have sophisticated systems costs. The same weakness exhibits small businesses when they work with a wide range of products and/or clients and do not have an adequate system of costs for pricing. The task of accounting of costs for SMEs is twofold, since on the one hand it must comply with the minimum standards of traditional cost accounting, such as the valuation of inventories, the determination of production times (schemed, conversion, worker, among others), the quantification of overheads, depreciation criteria, the capitalization of the cost of maintenance and other aspects. But on the other hand, also needs to adopt new methodologies that come by imposing in the management accounting as a result of the intensification of competition in the field of cost accounting…
Among these is the application of the system of costing by activities, which allows identifying activities (processes) that need run to develop products and afford such activities (Collins, 1991), which makes it possible to carry out the reengineering of the processes to eliminate those activities that do not add value to the product. As in the case of the management of human resources in the management of costs, rather than create units and allocate resources to the activities of records of information, challenges par SMEs are conceptual and paradigmatic nature. It is used the most appropriate methodology in the everyday practice of operations and not delegate the tasks relating to the topic of in an internal drive or on an external agency costs. To this is added, the absence of a proactive, innovative, managerial leadership trained according to administrative knowledge required by the present. You can also point a great obstacle, the untying of SMEs with the current Government programs, missing opportunities that occur with the new foreign trade policy, which provides the opportunity to enter into new foreign markets. * Source: Rosales Linares, Ramon. Management strategies for the small and medium enterprises.
Editions IESA. 1st Edition. Caracas, October 1996. Viana H. Estudio of the technological capacity of the Venezuelan manufacturing industry. Fondo editorial FINTEC. Caracas, 1998. Strategic West. A. Innovacion. Prentice Hall. London 1997. Collins, d. activity-based costing. Its origin and importance.